The Unspoken Military Intent Behind the Boys’ Brigade

Founded in Glasgow in 1883 by Sir William Alexander Smith, the Boys’ Brigade (BB) was initially envisioned as a Christian youth organization. Its stated mission was to develop “Christian manliness” by the use of a semi-military discipline, physical activities, and Bible study. At a time when urban youth, especially in industrial cities like Glasgow, were viewed as undisciplined and unruly, the BB promised to instill order, morality, and purpose.

But beneath the surface of this seemingly noble cause was a pattern that reflected deeper national anxieties—anxiety about imperial decline, military preparedness, and the role of youth in supporting the British Empire. The semi-military structure of the BB, which included uniforms, drills, and ranks, bore an unmistakable resemblance to actual military training.